ASF REVIEW DIAGNOSIS VIDEOS DIAGNOSIS PROTOCOLS

Introduction Name Epidemiology Aetiology Pathogeny and Transmission Clinical Forms and Lesions
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Differential Clinical Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis is carried out on diseases in which skin lesions are easily mistaken for those of African Swine Fever. The most important differential diagnoses are Classical Swine Fever, Swine Cholera, Erysipelas, acute Salmonellosis and Aujeszky's disease orPseudorabies and the Porcine Dermatitis-Nephropathy Syndrome.

Table 1: Signs and lesions that are differential with ASF
Disease	Affected species	Signs		Lessions
		Coinciding	Differential	Coinciding	Differential
Classical Swine Fever	Pigs	Fever, depression	Longer clinical course than ASF	Cutaneous and renal haemorrhaging, and in the lymphatic ganglia.	Ulcers in the caecum and colon, marginal infarct in the spleen (Fig.39), pale renal parenchyma, non-purulent meningoencephalitis. (Fig. 40 and 41)
Acute salmonellosis (S.cholerasuis)	Pigs	Swine Fever, abortions.	Yellowish liquid diahrroea, low morbidity and high mortality.	Cyanosis on the tips of the ears, tail, trotters and abdomen, haemorrhaging in the renal cortex, splenomegaly.	Focal hepatic necrosis, serous or necrotic enterocolitis.
Erysipelas (Swine Erysipelas)	Pigs	Swine fever.	Chronic forms of arthritis.	Splenomegaly, petechiae in the renal cortex, ganglionar hypertrophy with tumefaction and haemorrhaging. Romboid urticariform lesions on the skin.	Arthritis and vegetative endocarditis.
Dermatitis-nephropathy syndrome	Pigs	(See lesions)	Non-specific, slight hyperthermia, weakness	Purple-red marks on the skin of the hams, ears, abdomen and perineum.	Renal petechiae. Lesions caused by necrotising vasculitis. Pale kidneys despite petechiae.
Aujeszky´s disease.	Pigs, ruminants, rodents and carnivores.	Abortions (Fig. 42), cutaneous cyanosis in piglets. (Fig.43)	Nervous signs	Pneumonia.	Necrotic enteritis.

 

Table 2: Signs and lesions according to the virulence of the isolate.
ASFV virulence	Incubation period	Clinical course	Clinical signs	Mortality
High virulence	2-3 days	1-4 days	Sudden death with no signs of encephalitis or fever, prostration, skin alterations.	90-100%
Moderate virulence	2-3 days	7-20 days	Typical signs of ASF: fever, prostration, lack of appetite, skin alterations. Abortions and high mortality in mothers.	> ó = 60%
Low virulence	2-3 days	15-21 days	Multifocal cutaneous necrosis, painful inflammation of the carpus and tarsus. Abortions. Seroconversion. It may be inapparent.	< ó = 10%